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Electronic circuits and components * Course Index * Introduction * About the Author * About this Course * Feedback * Course Navigation * How to use this Course * TINA * Locktronics Fundamentals * Introduction: Fundamentals * Units and Multiples * Electricity * Electronic Principles * Electrical Circuits * Alternating Current * Assessment: Fundamentals Passive Components * Introduction: Passive Components * Resistors * Capacitors * Inductors * Transformers * Batteries, Fuses, Lamps and Switches * Assessment: Passive Components Semiconductors * Introduction: Semiconductors * Diodes ## Operation ## Forward and Reverse Bias ## Diode Characteristics ## Worksheet: Diode Characteristics ## Zener Diodes ## Examples: Zener Diodes ## Worksheet: Zener Diodes ## Light Emitting Diodes * Transistors * Logic Gates * Assessment: Semiconductors Passive Circuits * Introduction: Passive Circuits * Series and Parallel Connections * Kirchoff's Laws * Potential and Current Dividers * Passive Time Variant Circuits * Assessment: Passive Circuits Active Circuits * Introduction: Active Circuits * Power Supply Circuits * Operational Amplifier Circuits * Transistor Amplifier Circuits * 555 Timer Circuits * Assessment: Active Circuits Parts Gallery * Introduction: Parts Gallery * Passive Component Images * Semiconductor Images * Other Images * Quizzes |
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Light Emitting Diodes<^< Worksheet: Zener Diodes | Course Index | Transistors >^>(:nl:)  Light emitting diodes (LED's) can be used as general purpose indicators and, compared with conventional filament lamps, operate from significantly smaller voltages and currents. Light emitting diodes are also very much more reliable than filament lamps. Most LED's will provide a reasonable level of light output when a forward current of between 5mA and 20mA is applied. In order to limit the forward current of an LED to an appropriate value, it is usually necessary to include a fixed resistor in series with an LED indicator. The value of the resistor may be calculated from: R = (V - V'_F_') / I where V'_F_' is the forward voltage drop of the LED (usually about 2V) and V is the applied voltage. (:nl:)(:table style="clear:both":)
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